Walking, running, and typewriting are examples of activities that require large numbers of complex muscle coordinations that have become automatic. When an action is done repeatedly the nervous system becomes familiar with the situation and learns to react automatically, and a new reflex is built into the system. Keywords: Gabapentin, Arnold’s ear-cough reflex, sensory vagal neuropathy, refractory. Sneezing, coughing, and gagging are similar reflexes in response to foreign bodies in the nose and throat, and the wink reflex helps protect the eyes from injury.Ī conditioned reflex is one acquired as the result of experience. In both cases, the cough as well as the Arnold’s nerve reflex hypersensitivity were successfully treated with gabapentin, a treatment that has previously been shown to be effective in the treatment of cough due to sensory laryngeal neuropathy (SLN). A reflex that protects the body from injury, as this one does, is called a nociceptive reflex. All this happens while the person is becoming aware of the burning sensation. Trunk and leg muscles respond to support the body in its sudden change of position, and the head and eyes turn to look at the cause of the injury. Before the hand is pulled away, an impulse must go from the sensory nerve endings in the skin to a center in the spinal cord, from there to a motor center, and then out along the motor nerves to shoulder, arm, and hand muscles. The “hot stove” reflex is more complex, calling into play many different muscles. Even in standing still, the stretch reflexes in the skeletal muscles make many tiny adjustments to keep the body erect. As a person reaches or leans, the skeletal muscles tense and tighten, tending to hold him and keep him from falling. Every time a muscle is stretched, it reacts with a reflex impulse to contract. Other simple reflexes, the stretch reflexes, help the body maintain its balance. The leg begins to jerk up while the brain is just becoming aware of the tap. This reflex, or simple reflex arc, involves only two nerves and one synapse. This causes the quadriceps muscle at the front of the thigh to contract and jerk the leg up. When the knee is tapped, the nerve that receives this stimulus sends an impulse to the spinal cord, where it is relayed to a motor nerve. The knee jerk is an example of the simplest type of reflex. A reflex is built into the nervous system and does not need the intervention of conscious thought to take effect. A reflected action or movement the sum total of any particular automatic response mediated by the nervous system.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |